Subject(s)
Antirheumatic Agents/immunology , Arthritis, Juvenile/immunology , COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , Immunogenicity, Vaccine/drug effects , Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology , mRNA Vaccines/immunology , Adolescent , Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects , Arthritis, Juvenile/drug therapy , Arthritis, Juvenile/virology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/adverse effects , Young AdultABSTRACT
Rapid antigen detection (RAD) tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 are simpler, faster, and less expensive than the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that is currently considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The objective of this study was to determine the performance of the PANBIO COVID-19 Ag RAD (Abbott) test, a lateral flow immunoassay that detects the nucleocapsid protein, using as a reference RT-PCR method the Cobas®8800 System (Roche Diagnostics). This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary Children's Hospital and included individuals aged ≤16 years with COVID-19-related symptoms or epidemiological criteria for COVID-19. Two nasopharyngeal samples were collected to perform the PANBIO RAD test and RT-PCR. Of 744 children included, 51 (6.86%) had a positive RT-PCR result. The RAD test detected 42 of 51 PCR-positive children while there were no false-positive results. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 82.35% (95% CI, 71.9%-92.8%) and 100%, respectively. Sensitivity was >95% in symptomatic children. The assay performed poorly in asymptomatically infected children. In agreement with previous studies in adults, the PANBIO RAD test can be useful in screening for COVID-19 in children admitted with symptoms suggestive of the disease, especially in the first days of the illness.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 Serological Testing/methods , COVID-19/diagnosis , Immunoassay/methods , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Child , Child, Hospitalized , Child, Preschool , False Negative Reactions , False Positive Reactions , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Infant , Male , Nasopharynx/virology , Pandemics , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Children and adolescents with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection usually have a milder illness, lower mortality rates and may manifest different clinical entities compared with adults. Acute effusive pericarditis is a rare clinical manifestation in patients with COVID-19, especially among those without concurrent pulmonary disease or myocardial injury. We present 2 cases of acute pericarditis, in the absence of initial respiratory or other symptoms, in adolescents with COVID-19.